Process for the control and treatment of fumes



R. s. PERRY April 7, 1.931.

PROCESS FOR THE CONTROL AND TREATMENT OF FUMES Filed July 10, 1926INVENTOR' /Z%h4 4/14", a %4 I m 4% ATTORNEY Patented Apr. 7, 1931 PATENTROBERT s. PERRY, or save srnnves, GEORGIA PROCESS FOR THE CONTROL ANDTREATMENT OF FUMES Application filed July 10,

My invention relates to the control and treatment of fumes and refersparticularly to the control and treatment of fumes produced by the heattreatment of oleaginous,

fatty and waxy material.

The fumes evolved by the heat treatment of oleaginous, fatty and waxymaterials frequently contain products of different chemical compositionsrequiring different methods for their respective recovery and each ofthese recovery steps requires devices particularly suitable therefor,thecomplete device is comparatively expensive in construction andoccupies considerable space, in addition to which there is thesupervising care necessary to the successful operation of all of theseparable elements.

As an example of the processes necessary 'for the carrying out of suchfume control and treatment, I make mention of that involved in themanufacture of varnish, although I wish to be understood as not limitingmy process to that particular manufacture. j

In the recovery of fume contents in the production of varnish, a portionof the fume content is condensed by means of surface condensation and afurther portion is condensed by liquid spray condensation. After theremoval of the fume condensates just mentioned, the fume still containscertain chemical compounds which are exceedingly dis' agreeable andobjectionable because of their odor, and in order to remove these andelimi-' nate occupational and neighborhood nuisauces, it has beensuggested to pass the fume through an alkaline liquid.

It is to be noted that in order to carry out the process just described,there must be a 40 surface condensation device, a liquid spraycondensation device and a device for passing the fume through thealkaline liquid.

Further, a draft must be produced through the several devices, in orderthat the fumes 5 may be forced, or drawn, therethrough and theemployment of a fan, or pump, for this purpose is highly objectionablebecause of the tendency of the gummy condition of the;

, fume content, which clogs the fan, or pump, and renders itinoperative.

192s. Serial No. 121,717,

The process of my invention overcomes all of the above mentioned, andother, obj ectionable features and presents a means whereby the surfacecondensation step, the liquid spray condensation step, thev alkalineliquid treatment and' the draft step are all performed practicallysimultaneously and within one device or chamber.

Furthen'the liquid employed in the-draft force pump of my process isalkaline in charactor, and of-such lubricity as to prevent the cloggingof the pump, thus allowing of its continuous operation.

In the process of my invention, I employ the necessary alkaline liquidas a spray condensing medium, the force of the alkaline liquid sprayacting as a draft producing means, the operation being performed in aconduit, or chamber, which acts also as a surface condenser.

It will thus be seen that the one operation of my processperforms all ofthe acts and functions of the three operations incident to the describedprocess, and at the same time eliminates the difliculty incident to thepump, or fan, employment in the described process.

The process of my invention not only materially reduces the steps ofoperation but also 'materially reduces the devices necessary forfollowing of the process.

The process of my invention will be clearly understood by aconsideration of this specification and its accompanying drawings.

In the accompanying drawings, illustrating one form of the deviceadapted for my process, similar parts'are designated by similarnumerals. i

The figure is a side view of a diagrammatic form of device, theoperation of which is described in the following:

The particular device shown in the accom panying drawing and suitablefor the following of my process comprises a heating kettle 10, havinganextended neck '11 anda vertical stack, or flue, 12. An explosion door,or cover, 13 is hingedly attached to the upper portion of the stack 12and coversthe same.

' Connected to the vertical stack 12 is an in- 'clinedztreatment conduit-.14,-the other exlift trcmity of which is connected with the exit stack15.

A condensate conduit 16 connected with the lower extremity of thetreatment conduit 14, enters a separating receptacle 17 having aplurality of bathe-plates 18, 18 and an exit pipe 19.

A rotary force pump 20 has its intake end connected to the pipe 19 andits outlet end connected to the pipe 21 which in turn is connected withthe manifold 22 and a plurality of jets 23, 23 within the treatmentconduit 14 are connected to the manifold 22.

A pipe 24, connected with a source of steam (not shown) has the jet 25within the treatment conduit 14.

The pipe 21 carries the valve 26 and the pipe 24 carries the valve 27.

The operation of the device is as follows Valve 27 is closed, valve 26is opened and a suitable alkaline solution is placed within theseparator 17.

The contents of the kettle 10 are then heated until the fumes arisingtherefrom ascend through the stack 12 and into the treatment conduit 14.The pump 20 is then started and the alkaline solution in the separator17 is forced upwardly through the pipe 21, the manifold 22 andthe sprays23.

The operation of the alkaline solution thus forced through the sprays isthree-fold; it materially aids and increases the draftin the treatmentconduit 14-, thus driving the uncondensed portions of the fumes throughthe stack 15 into the atmosphere; it acts as a liq uid. or spray,condenser for those portions of the fumes capable of condensation underthe conditions of operation, and it combines chemically with certainportions of the fumes which are largely of objectionable odor converting them into unobjectionable condensates.

The condensates thus formed flow downwardly through the pipe 16 into theseparator 17, in which the batfle-plates 18, 18 prevent an agitation ofthe liquid due to the influx of liquid through the pipe 16 and its exitthrough the pipe 19. During this comparatively unagitated condition ofthe mixture in the separator 17, the condensates separate by gravityfrom the alkaline solution, andthe comparatively uncontaminated latter,due to the position of the pipe 19, recireulates through the system. Thecondensates may be removed from the separator 17 as desired.

If desirable, in order to heat the fumes in the treatment conduit,increase the draft, facilitate the reaction between the alkalinesolution and the fume conduit or for other reasons the valve 27 may beopened and steam forced through the spray 25. g

It is to'be noted that four operations are performed continuously andpractically simultaneously in the treatment conduit, and these aresurface condensation due to. the

walls of the treatment conduit, liquid or spray condensaton due to thealkaline liquid, a draft production due to the force of the alkalineliquid through the sprays and a chemical combination between the alkaliof the liquid and certain objectionable contents of the fumes.

It is to be further noted that my process is continuous, the fumecondensates being practically removed from the alkaline liquid duringthe process, and the alkaline liquid thus purified being fedcontinuously to the system.

The economy of plant construction and simplicity of operation of myprocess over those processes in which the several steps are performed insequence a re evident.

I do not limit myself to the particular size, shape, number, orarrangement of parts or to the particular materials employed asillustrated and described as these are given simply as a iii-cans forclearly describing my invennon.

What I claim is In a process for the recovery of organic ingredients offumes produced in the production of varnish, the steps which comprisepassing the fumes arising therefrom through a treatment conduit havingan open end,

spraying an alkaline liquid within the eoni duit and toward the open endthereof, collect- A ing the thus produced condensates with the alkalineliquid, practically separating said condensates from said alkalineliquid and employing the thus separated alkaline liquid for sprayingwithin the conduit.

Signed at New York city, in the county of New York and State of NewYork, this 2nd day of July, 1926.

ROBERT S. PERRY.

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